Medical Manual
Medical Manual
Prepared by: [YOUR NAME]
Introduction
This Medical Manual serves as a guide for healthcare professionals to provide the highest standards of patient care. It covers a comprehensive range of medical topics, procedures, and protocols.
Patient Assessment
Vital Signs Measurement
Vital signs are critical indicators of a patient's physiological status. The following list summarizes the key vital signs and normal ranges:
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Temperature: 97°F to 99°F (36.1°C to 37.2°C)
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Heart Rate: 60 to 100 beats per minute
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Respiratory Rate: 12 to 20 breaths per minute
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Blood Pressure: 120/80 mmHg
Physical Examination
The physical examination involves systematic checking of a patient’s condition. The following table outlines areas to assess:
|
Body Area |
Method |
|---|---|
|
Head and Neck |
Inspection, Palpation |
|
Chest |
Auscultation, Percussion |
|
Abdomen |
Inspection, Palpation, Percussion, Auscultation |
|
Limbs |
Inspection, Palpation, Range of Motion Tests |
Common Medical Conditions
Hypertension
Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a common condition that, if left untreated, can lead to severe health complications.
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Diagnosis: Blood pressure readings on two separate occasions with systolic >140 mmHg and/or diastolic >90 mmHg.
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Treatment: Lifestyle changes, and antihypertensive medications.
Diabetes Mellitus
Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic condition characterized by high levels of glucose in the blood.
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Diagnosis: Fasting plasma glucose ≥126 mg/dL, 2-hour plasma glucose ≥200 mg/dL during an OGTT, A1c ≥6.5%.
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Treatment: Lifestyle changes, insulin therapy, oral hypoglycemic agents.
Medical Procedures
Intravenous (IV) Cannulation
IV cannulation is a procedure in which a tube is placed inside a vein to administer medications, fluids, and gather samples.
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Indications: Administration of IV medications, fluids, and blood products.
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Procedure: Ensure sterility, select the appropriate vein, and insert the cannula using an aseptic technique.
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)
CPR is a lifesaving technique useful in emergencies such as a heart attack or near drowning.
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Indications: Cardiac arrest, unresponsive patient with no breathing.
-
Procedure: Perform 30 chest compressions followed by 2 rescue breaths, repeat until help arrives.
References
This manual references multiple clinical guidelines and textbooks to provide evidence-based information. Further details and references can be found in the appendices.
