Physical Development:

Sitting Up

• Baby can sit steadily without support for an extended period.

Rolling Over

• Baby can roll from back to stomach and vice versa.

Crawling

• Some babies may start to crawl or scoot around on their bellies.

Grasping

• Improved ability to grasp objects with fingers and transfer them from one hand to another.

Hand-Eye Coordination

• Beginning to pick up small objects with thumb and forefinger (pincer grasp).

Cognitive Development:

Object Permanence

• Understanding that objects continue to exist even when out of sight.

Exploration

• Curiosity about objects and surroundings, showing interest in exploring their environment.

Recognition

• May recognize familiar faces and objects.

Cause and Effect

• Beginning to understand simple cause-and-effect relationships, like dropping a toy to see it fall.

Communication and Social Development:

Babbling

• More varied babbling sounds, potentially imitating simple sounds or words.

Responding to Name

• Reacting when their name is called.

Social Interaction

• Enjoying social interactions, smiling, laughing, and engaging with caregivers.

Initiating Play

• Initiating simple games like peek-a-boo or reaching out to interact with toys.

Emotional Expression

• Demonstrating a range of emotions, including joy, frustration, and excitement.

Feeding and Motor Skills:

Self-Feeding

• May start to show interest in self-feeding with fingers and attempting to hold a bottle or sippy cup.

Chewing

• Experimenting with chewing soft, mashed foods and gradually moving towards more textured foods.

Motor Skills

• Improved hand-mouth coordination, bringing objects to mouth more accurately.

Sleep Patterns:

Nap Schedule

• Establishing a consistent nap schedule with 2-3 naps during the day.

Nighttime Sleep

• May be sleeping longer stretches at night, although night waking is still common.

Healthcare and Safety:

Immunizations

• Following the recommended vaccination schedule.

Babyproofing

• Ensuring a safe environment for exploration, covering electrical outlets, securing furniture, and removing small choking hazards.

Dental Care

• Introducing dental hygiene practices like wiping gums after feeding and scheduling a first dental checkup.